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How To Do A Word Study Without Knowing Hebrew Or Greek: Step 3: Look Up Terms In Resources

Learn how to use print and online resources to do a word study.

Look Up Terms, Numbers & Transliterations In Appropriate Resources

By now, you have a list of Strong's and/or G/K numbers that represent the various Hebrew and Greek words used for your term, as well as some transliterated terms. You have also gotten at least a basic understanding of the word definitions. Use the following resources to research your term(s) in more depth:

Old Testament Resources:

Title/Author Location Arrangement & Usage
New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis (NIDOTTE) / W.A. VanGemeran Theo Ref
BS 440 N438 1997 vs. 1-5
  • Hebrew terms are listed in alphabetical order with their corresponding G/K numbers
  • Simply look up your G/K number --- the numerical order of the G/K numbers roughly corresponds to the alphabetical order of the Hebrew terms; other access points are the English word, and the Old Testament passage.
  • Articles have bibliographies
Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (TDOT) / G.J. Botterweck & H. Ringgren Theo Ref
BS 440 B5713 vs. 1-15
  • Hebrew terms are listed in alphabetical order along with the transliterations
  • The only way to find your term is by looking for the transliteration in the "Contents" section at the beginning of each volume. This can be tricky since there is significantly more variance in Hebrew transliterations than those in Greek. Ask a theological librarian for help if you can't find your particular Hebrew transliteration.
  • Articles have footnotes
Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament / E. Jenni & C. Westermann Theo Ref
BS 440 T4813 1997 vs. 1-3
  • Hebrew terms are listed in alphabetical order with their corresponding Strong's numbers (indicated below the Hebrew term --- for example, “S 127”)
  • Simply look up your Strong’s number --- the numerical order of the Strong's numbers, as with G/K numbers, roughly corresponds to the alphabetical order of the Hebrew terms
  • You may want to scan the “Table of Words” found at the beginning of each volume --- although listed in order by Hebrew word, you may be able to pick out your term by looking at the English translation in bold
  • This resource also conveniently lists references to the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (BDB), the Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (TDOT), the Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (HALOT), the Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (TWOT), and the New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis (NIDOTTE)
Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (TWOT) / R.L. Harris, G.L. Archer, B.K. Waltke Theo Ref
BS 440 T49 vs. 1-2
  • Hebrew terms are listed in alphabetical order
  • Look up your Strong’s number in the index, then look up the term by the TWOT number
  • Articles have bibliographies

New Testament Resources:

Title/Author Location Arrangement & Usage
New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology / C. Brown Theo Ref
BS 2312 N48 1986 vs. 1-4
  • Terms are listed alphabetically in English
  • Try to find your term by using the English page headings, and if it's not listed, try using one of the indexes in volume 4 (entries will refer you to articles in vs. 1-3) --- you can look up scripture passages and transliterations of Hebrew and Greek words, as well as using the general index at the very end (English)
  • Articles have footnotes
New Linguistic and Exegetical Key to the Greek New Testament  / C.L. Rogers, Jr., C.L. Rogers III Theo Ref
BS 1965.2 1998
  • This resource is arranged in order by New Testament book and verse
  • If you are interested in your term as it appears in a particular New Testament passage, look up the passage --- terms found in the passage are listed in bold, and will have the G/K number in parentheses
NIV Theological Dictionary of New Testament Words / V. Verbrugge Theo Ref
BS 2312 N482 2000
  • Greek terms are listed in alphabetical order with their corresponding G/K numbers
  • Simply look up your G/K number --- the numerical order of the G/K numbers roughly corresponds to the alphabetical order of the Greek terms
Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (TDNT) / G. Kittel, G. Friedrich, G.W. Bromiley

Theo Ref
BS 2312 K58213 1985 (this is the abridged volume)

Theo Ref
BS 2312 K5813 1964 (unabridged 10-volume set)

  • Greek terms are listed in alphabetical order in the unabridged set (vs. 1-9)
  • The unabridged set (vs. 1-9) has bibliographies at the end of most articles
    Abridged Volume
  • Use either the Table of Greek Keywords (for any transliterated words you have), or the Table of English Keywords - both are at the beginning of the volume
  • After finding an article that discusses your term, look through the article to find references that look like this: [R. Bultmann, VI, 174-82] --- this is a reference (author, volume, page number) to a much lengthier article on the same term in the unabridged Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (Theo Ref BS 2312 K5813 1964, vs. 1-10), which will give you more information
    Volume 10 (unabridged set)
  • Volume 10 (X) has an extensive list of English words in its 'Index of English Keywords' section at the beginning. You can also find your word by looking up the Strong’s number in the ‘Index of Greek Keywords.’
  • Once you find your word in the index, use the information to the right of the word to locate the volume that has the complete article. 'II:284-317' refers to volume 2, pages 284-317.

Other Helpful Resources:

NIV Theological Dictionary of New Testament Words: An Abridgment of New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology
Verlyn Verbrugge, ed.
Theology Ref  BS2312 .N482 2000

Expository Dictionary of Bible Words: Word Studies for Key English Bible Words Based on the Hebrew and Greek Texts 
Stephen D. Renn, ed.
Theology Ref  BS440 .E97 2005