Each Exodus/Deuteronomy class is supposed to require some sort of exegetical assignment. Some faculty break it up into parts so that it is done over time or to make it more manageable to grade -- I mean, for the student to work on it. Exegesis is the art /science of explaining the meaning of the text. Yes, it is part science, and that is what your professor is teaching you, but it is also an art, something that takes practice. Below is an outline of the exegetical process as well as some books on how to do exegesis. In looking at those, you will see that there is variance even in the science of it. For several years the SOT had all the Exodus/Deuteronomy courses follow the same exegetical method. Those four steps are the four sub-tabs on "The Exegetical Process" under this "About this Assignment" tab. Your instructor will likely provide his/her specific instructions for "doing an exegetical paper" for a particular class here at APU. To support that, this LibGuide provides a curated collection of print and electronic resources and tools as well as instruction. Use it to help you discover suitable material in doing the research and study necessary for the exegetical process.
1 - Confirm limits
2 - Translation
3 - Historical context
4 - Literary context
5 - Genre and form
6 - Analyze structure
7 - Analyze grammar
8 - Word studies
9 - Biblical context
10 - Theology
11 - Secondary literature
12 - Application
From: Douglas K. Stuart. Old Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors (4th ed.; Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2009).
Also see the mini guide Modern/Postmodern Biblical Hermeneutics and Perspectives under the Biblical Studies tab on the Stamps Virtual Theological Library guide. For more resources employing the application of such specialized and emerging interpretative ("hermeneutical") approaches brought to a particular book of the Bible, see the "Specialized Lens" commentaries on sub-tabbed pages for each book of the Bible on this guide under the Commentaries tab.